Refining of hydrocarbon oil



Patented Nov. 23, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV EGLOFF AND HARRY 1?. BENNER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS T UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA.

REFINING OF l-IYDROCARBON OIL.

No Drawing. Application filed August 20, 18-20, Serial No. 404,909.

Our invention relates to a process for the refining of hydrocarbon oils of the character resulting from the pressure distillation of heavy hydrocarbon oils to produce light oils therefrom which can be marketed as waterwhite, sweet odored gasolene and kerosene, or the like. The feature of novelty in our process lies in the treatment of cracked light oils to produce water-white oils therefrom by means of an alkali and a coinniinuted solid material. Among the salient objects of our invention are, to provide a process for the production of Water-white gasolene and kerosene; to provide a process for the refining of hydrocarbon oils and producing water-white light oils therefrom; to provide a process in which a minimum amount of alkali is used comparative to the comminuted solid material; to provide a process of refining cracked oils by means of an alkali and. coinininuted solid material set within the body of the liquid distilling therefrom: to provide a process of refining cracked oils by means of caustic soda, or the like, and a comminuted solid material such as fullers earth. or the like, set within the body of the liquid and distilling therefrom; to provide a process of refining hydrocarbon oils by means of a mixture of caustic soda, or the like, and a comminuted filtering material, such as fullers earth, or the like, to produce a water-white sweet odored light oil therefrom.

One experimental test as outlined as follows is typical of the results obtained by this process: A presure distillate oil of i5 Bauin gravity resulting from the cracking of a fuel oil was charged to a still in the presence of a mixture of solid caustic soda and fullers earth. The still was then fired and the gasolene, kerosene and gas oil fractions collected separately and redistillet. to conform to the standard test of marketable gasolene, kerosene and gas oil products.

The gasolene resulting from the distillation of the cracked oil was water-white in color, having a sweet odor and not the cracked characteristic odor resulting from the usual treatment of cra ked oils. The

Renewed June 9, 1926.

kerosene of Baum gravity was Waterwhite and sweet odored and conformed to the industrial tests for kerosene. The gas oil fraction of 35.5 Bauni gravity was of light-yellow color suitable for gasolene ab sorption plants.

As an illustration of my invention, I have employed a charge of 1,000 cc. of pressure distillate oil, with which there are mixed 500 cc. of fullers earth and grs. of sodium hydroxide. The pressure distillate was of a Baum gravity of 45.0, and the same containing the fullers earth and sodium 11ydroxide was distilled for a period of four hours and fifteen minutes. The color of the pressure distillate previous to the distillation was very bad, being yellowish brown.

The products of distillation were found to contain 42.5% of gasoline, of a Bunnie gravity of 58.5. The kerosene content was 25.5% of a 40.0 gravity. The gas oil recovered was 27%, and of a gravity of These various fractions could be separately collected and condensed if desired, or' all the vapors could be subjected to fractional condensation for the recovery of the difierent fractions.

The gasoline content was found to have an initial B. P. of 132 F, with an end point of 453 F. It wasof a water white color and of a pleasant odor.

The kerosene fraction had an initial boiling point of 820 F. and amend point of 58695. The Baum gravity thereof was, as previously stated, 40.0 and the color water white.

The oil fraction had a Baum gravity of 35.5, an initial boiling point of 330 F. and an end point of 680 B, being of a light yellow color but with a pleasant odor.

We claim as our invention:

A process of refining hydrocarbon oils, which consists in introducing a bulk supply of oil to a still, in adding to said oil while in the still comminuted fullers earth and caustic sooa and subjecting the oil with said added substances to a distilling tei'nperature.

GUSTAV EGLOFF. HARRY P. BENNER. 

